Ceramics

Course instructor: Sunita Singh

The elective was a knowledge-based workshop to understand the properties of clay and materials involved in the making of ceramics. We broadly learnt about different types of clay and their uses.

We learnt two different methods of ceramics:

1. Pressing and Casting

2. Wheel throwing.

Understanding the Clay

Day one began with an introduction to the basics of ceramics. We were made familiar with the process of making ceramic art and its details by well-known ceramic artist Shailesh Pandit. Types of clays like terracotta, stoneware, china clay, ball clay, and feldspar and their properties were discussed. The discussion also included the categorization of clays in terms of their purity level, oxide content, the temperature at which they are fired or baked, and where the clay is naturally found. Glazing as a process and the color types used to dye the ceramics were explained.

Furnace or kiln was introduced to us by discussing the two processes called the Shuttle furnace and the Tunnel furnace. We got to learn the difference between how much fuel and time each one of the processes requires.

We then proceeded to work with clay. We explored the materiality of the clay by using it in various ways. We molded and shaped the clay using our hands and different tools in different forms. We also tried wedging the clay. The relationship of the clay with moisture was also explored and incorporated into the making of the forms.

Pressing & Casting Method

We visited a ceramic workshop in Bhayander where we met the main ceramic artist, Vikas Yadav, who has seven years of experience. The workshop focused on producing bonsai ceramic pots using the "pressing method" in ceramics. This technique involves shaping clay by pressing it into molds or with hands, then evening out the inside and outside using a wet sponge. After a brief drying period, the pots are sun-dried for at least 2 days, painted or glazed for design, and then fired in a kiln to achieve durability. During a hands-on workshop, we experienced how ceramic responds to pressure and can be shaped consistently, achieving uniform thickness. We also learned about the glazing and firing processes and their impact on the final appearance and properties of the ceramics.

Wheel Throwing

Wheel throwing is a pottery technique involving several steps. First, clay is wedged to eliminate air bubbles and ensure a uniform texture. Next, we center the clay on the wheel and create a cylinder by pulling it upward and then pressing it down. An opening is made in the center, and while the wheel is spinning, we shape the clay using our fingers. After partially drying, the piece is trimmed and allowed to dry slowly to prevent cracking. Once completely dried, it's fired in a kiln. In a hands-on experience, we learned to wedge clay, master centering, and create various forms like pots, plates, and bowls using these techniques.